Radiator



April 3', 1928.

F. GARGIULO ET AL RADIATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Ap April 3, 1928.

1,664,812 F. GARGIULO ET AL RADIATOR Filed April 20. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK GAEGIULO, EATON s. nnWARns'Ann CHARLES orr'n, or NEW HAVEN, connncricnr, Assreizions ro THE e. a 0. MANUFACTURING COMPANY, or NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

RADIATOR.

' Our invention relates to radiators and more particularly to the type of radiators used for cooling internal combustion engines such as are used in connection with automotive vehicles, aeroplanes or the like.

The particular embodiment of the principles of our invention which we have illustrated in the drawings comprises a radiator of the nose type, which is adapted to be used on aeroplanes or seaplanes, but while the invention may be found desirable in connection with an engine of the type usually used in such devices, it may also be found desirable in some cases upon automobiles and the types of engines used in con nection therewith.

It has been found diflicult in the past to provide the engine of an aeroplane with a radiator which will be satisfactory when the aeroplane is making a steep climb as well as when it is flying in a horizontal plane at high altitudes. It is, of course, obvious, that, upon a steep climb, the demand made upon the engine cooling system is so great that if a normal radiating surface is provided the water will tend to heat up and perhaps boil. The boiling temperature is, of course, very detrimental to the proper lubrication of the engine parts and it is very probable that engine trouble will result, while if a radiator surface larger than one normally used is provided, the cooling fluid maybe kept at a proper temperature during a steep climb, but will fall below an efficient temperature when the aeroplane is not climbing or when the engine is not running at a high speed and the water will at that time be overcooled.

As the width of a nose type radiator is, of course, limited to the width of the hood of an automobile or the width of the fuselage of an aeroplane to prevent excessive air rcsistance, the designers of high power aeroplan'es found it necessary to use radiators of relatively great height and narrow width. There are two serious disadvantages arising from a. radiator of such proportions. One of these disadvantages is that the circula-' tion of the cooling fluid through the radiator tubes is seriously aflected, both due to the fact that the small fluid channels or passages through which the water must flow in the radiator core will be of increased length and the friction presented to the passage of the water correspondingly increased,

the lower portion of the radiatorcore. This results in a relative lack of efficiency in the lower portion of the radiator corein comparison with the upper portion of the same and also results in the water being overcooled when delivered from the radiator, as

explained above.

One object of the invention is to obviate these disadvantages. In doing this we provide a nose type radiator of relatively great height and small width, which is divided into vertical sections or sections'disposed in a column, and has one-or more by-passes which carry some of the cooling fluid around one section and deliver it to the adjacent section, so that any part of the cooling fluid will be passed through certain, only, of said sections.

Another object of our invention is to provide a radiator which will keep the cooling fluid at proper temperature in all conditions of engine service.

Another object of our invention is to provide a sectional radiator and so arrange the tanks in connection therewith and the cominunicati'ng ways between the tanks that consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a rear elevational view of a radiator embodying the principles of our improvements Fig. '2 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 33 of F ig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line"4-4'of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a vertical central section on line 55 of Fig. 1;.

Ne have selected for illustration herein an engine cooling radiator particularly adapted for use on aeroplanes, but it will be ceive the cooling fluid therefrom.

understood that our invention is not to be limited to this type of radiator, but may be found desirable in connection with those of other types. The radiator shown comprises aframe provided with an upper header or tank 10, a lower tank 11 and side passages which direct the cooling fluid in a manner to be hereinafter described. The upper tank is provided with a filling nipple 13 by which the cooling fluid is introduced into the radiator and a supply pipe 14 through which the fluid to be cooled is delivered to the radiator from the engine. A splash plate 15 is provided below the filling nipple 13' to deflect the cooling fluid as it flows through the supply pipe into the radiator. Upon the right hand side. as shown in Fig. 3, the side passage is closed by a plate 16, which con fines the cooling-fluid at this point to the upper tank 10. Atthe opposite side of the radiator is provided a battle plate 17 which serves to constrict the side passage at this point so that a small opening 18 is provided "to permit the passage of the cooling fluid therethrough and down the side passage 19. I The radiator is provided with an upper cooling section 20, the passages of which are in communication with the tank 10 and re- It will be obvious that while a part of the cooling fluid which is delivered to the upper tank I 10 passes down through the radiator section 20, there will also be a part of the same which will pass through the constriction 18 and down the passage 19, so that this part will be by-passed around the radiator section 20 and will not pass therethrough to be cooled thereby. The radiator section 2O communicates at its lower end with a passage 21 which may be termed an auxiliary tank to receive the water which passes through this section of the radiator and which is provided with a base plate 21 slightly inclined to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to carry the water which has been cooled by this radiator section through the opening 22 and into the vertically extending passage 23, which is in free communication with the lower header or tank 11. The passage 23 is closed adjacent the lower end of the radiator section 20 by a plate 2 1, so that the only part of the cooling fluid which enters the passage 23 must pass through the radiator section 20, the passage 21 and the opening 22.

The part of the cooling fluid which passes through the restricted opening 18 and through the passage 19 is deflected by a plate 25, which closes the passage 19 adjacent the upper end of the radiator section '26, which is situated below the radiator section 20, to pass into a passage or auxiliary tank 27 provided between the lower surface of the plate 21 and the upper surface of the lower radiator sect-ion.

sage 23.

The radiator section 26 comprises in the form shown substantially the lower half of the entire radiator and the passages thereof are in communication with the passage or tank 27 so as to receive the cooling fluid therefrom. As shown at the left hand side of Fig. 3, the passage 19 is in communication with the passage or tank 27 through an opening 28 and at the right hand side of this figure the tank 27 is closed by a plate or partition 29 so that therewill be no communication between this tank and the pas- The cooling fluid, therefore, that enters the passage 27 must pass through the radiator section 26 and into the tank 11. A d

which is adapted to receive the propeller shaft of the aeroplane with which the radiator is to be used. As shown, there are provided passages 33, 34 and 35 about this opening to permit the free passage of the cooling fluid to all parts of the radiator section 26. The wall 36 at the upper side of the propeller shaft opening is, of course, imperforate so as not to permit loss of the cooling fluid.

The lower tank 11 is provided with the outlet pipe 37 which delivers the cooled fluid to the engine in the usual'and well known manner. The radiator may be supported in any desired way, frame members 38 and 39 being shown in Fig. 1 as bolted to the radia tor casing to support the same in operative of the radiatorunits is not important, as v other forms may be used instead.

The operation of the device is as follows: 1V hen the cooling fluid is pumped through the supply pipe 1 into the upper tank 10 of the radiator, approximately one-half of it will passdown through the radiator section 20, while the remainder will be by passed around this section of the radiator and will pass through the constricted opening 18 into the passage 19 and auxiliary tank 27, where it is delivered to the lower radiator section26. The size of the opening 18, of course, determines the amount of water which is by-passed around the radiator section 20, and this, of course, may be varied, as desired, by varying the size of the battle 17-. The part of the cooling fluid which passes through the upper section of the radiator is caught by the plate 21 and passes through the opening '22 and the passage 23 to the lower tank 11 in such a man- 'ner that it is by-passed around the lower section of the radiator so as notto be cooled thereby. That part of the cooling fluid which is not passed through the upper section of theradiatoris, as stated, delivered to the lower section through which it passes to be cooled thereby and then delivered to the lower tank 11.

It will be obvious that we have provided a'sectional radiator with means to by-pass some of the cooling fluid about any one section of the radiator and deliver it to an ad- .jja'c'ent section. Moreover, means are provided between the sections to deflect the water which has passed through one section from passing through the adjacent section and to deliver the water to the second section which has been by-passed about the first "section.

I While we have shown a radiator consisting of two sections, it will be obvious, of course, that the principles of our invention may be applied to radiators consisting of were allowed to flow through radiator pipes extending Iiromft'he top to the bottom of the casing, it would be greatly cooled while travelling such a long distance. With our improvements we have in effect transformed a radiator which is relatively long and nar- Y row into one which is relatively. wide and short, there being a. relatively short path providedior the travel of the water during the time when it is being cooled, while there is at the smile time a relatively large number 'ofpipes or radiator units to carrythe cooling fluid.

What 'we claim is: I

1. A radiator comprising a plurality of sections, means located between adjacent sections to receive a part of the contained fluid from one section and "by-pass it about the adjacent section, said by-pass being out off from communication with said adjacent "section.

2. A radiator comprising a plurality of sections, means to by-pass a part of the contained fluid about one of said sections and means between that section and an adjacent section to receive all of that part of the fluid {and deliver itin its entirety to said second named section.

3. A radiator comprising an upper tank,

a lower tank, radiator sections, each carrying :a part of the coolin'glfluid, located between said tanks, and non-communicating auxiliary tanks'looated between twoadj-acent sections, one of which receives thecooling fluid from one of said sectionsand the other of which receives cooling fluid from the upper tank and delivers it to the other of said sections.

4. A radiator comprising an upper tank, a lower tank, radiator sections located between said tanks, an auxiliary tank between said sections to catch the cooling fluid passing through one thereof, and means to bypass the water from said auxiliary tank to said lower tank about one of the-radiator sections.

5. A radiator comprising an upper tank, a lower tank, radiator sections located between said tanks, an auxiliary tank located above one of said sections to deliver the cool- W ing fluid thereto, and means to conduct the fluid from the upper tank, around one radiator section, and cause it to pass through the auxiliary'tank to reach the lower tank. '6. A radiator comprising an upper tank, a

located between said tanks, side vpassages COIIIIGCtlIlg. said tanks, means for closingthe communication between one side passage and V the upper tank, an auxiliary tank betweentwo adjacent sections, and means for closing the communication between the other'side passage andthe auxiliary tank.

7. .A'radiator comprising an upper tank, a. radiator section communicating directly therewith and receiving a part of the cooling fluid therefrom, a side passageto permit a part of the cooling fluid entering said tank to be bypassed about said. section, means to restrict the amount of such by-passed fluid and a second radiator section to receive the fluid from said side passage.

A sectional radiator comprising .a case, a plurality of radiatorsections having sub- 'stantial'ly vertically extending passages for the cooling fluid therein and means within the case to deliver a part of the contained fluid to one section of? the radiator and a by-pass around said section to carry another :part of the fluid, and means to intercept this part and deliver it to another radiator section.

9. A radiator comprising upper and lower sections and upper and lower tanks respectively in directcommunication with the sections, means between'said sections to receive cooling fluid from one thereof and deliver it to the lower tank and other means to receive cooling ffiuid from the upper tank and deliver it to the lower section.

10. A radiator comprising upper and lower tanks, a radiator unit therebetween having fluid cooling passages of less length than the distance between said "tanks, certain of said passages being in direct communicalower tank, a plurality of radiator sections tion with the upper tank, a non-cooling passaid auxiliary tanks being in direct com.

munication with the upper tank around said upper section and delivering the cooling fluid received through such communication to the lower section from which it passes to the lower tank.

12. A radiator including an upper tank, cooling passages to receive a part of the contained fluid directly from said tank, a

non-cooling passage to carry another part thereof, additional cooling passages to re ceive said last named part otthe contained fluid from said non-cooling passage and means to intercept the fluid passing through said first named cooling passages and deliver it to the lower tank around said last named cooling passages.

13. A radiator comprising a case, a tank therein, cooling passages to receive part of the containedfluid directly from said tank, a relatively large non-cooling passage within the case and in communication with said tank to receive another part of the fluid, and additional cooling passages to receive the part of the cooling fluid carried by the noi1- cooling passage, and means to intercept the fluid passing through said first named cooling passages and prevent it from passing through the additionalcooling passages.

14-. A radiator having upper and lower tanks and upper and lower cooling sections between said tanks and in direct communication respectively therewith, separate auX iliary tanks between said sections, each of which is in directcommunication with one oi said sections, means affording communication between the upper tank and the auxiliary tank in communication with the lower cooling section, and means aflording direct communication between the lower tank and the auxiliary tank in communication with the upper section.

15. A sectional radiator comprising a plurality of sections, one disposed above the other, through which the cooling fluid flows downwardly in a substantially vertical direction, and means positioned between said sections to catch the fluid which passes through an upper section and deflect it from passing through and by-pass it about the lower section.

16. A radiator comprising upper and lower tanks, upper and lower radiator sec tions communicating respectively with said tanks, side passages between said tanks at the sides of the radiator sections, means obstructing one of said passages to prevent the cooling fluid reaching the lower tank without passing through the upper section, and means obstructing the other passage to precooling fluid reaching the lower tank withtank without passing through the lower section.

17. A radiator horizontally divided into separate sections having generally vertically disposed fluid passages and means for preventing parts of the contained fluid from passing through certain of said sections.

18. A radiator horizontally divided into separate sections having generally vertically disposed fluid passages, means for dividing the contained fluid at the top of the radiator and directing parts thereof through the respective sections, and means for causing each part of the fluid to pass through at least one of said sections in its course through the radiator.

19. A radiator horizontally divided into separate sections having generally vertically disposed fluid passages, and means for directing a part of the contained fluid .through one of said sections andv preventing it from passing through an adj a ent section. I

20. A sectional radiator comprising a plurality of sections having generally vertically disposed fluid passages disposed in a column, and means to direct a part of the contained fluid to one section of the radiator, and a by-pass around said section and cut oft from communication therewith to carry another part of the fluid. V

21. A radiator comprising a plurality of sections having generally vertically disposed fluid passages, means to direct apart of the contained fluid to one section thereof, means to by-pass another part of the contained fluid about said section and to direct it to another section, and means to by-pass the fluid passing through the first section about the second named section.

22. A radiator comprising an upper tank and a lower tank, a'plurality of radiator sections having substantially vertically disposed passages, each of said sections receiving cooling fluid from the same one of said tanks and delivering it to the other thereof, and means to deliver the cooling fluid to said radiator at a plurality of vertically spaced points. I p In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands on the 18th day of April, 1921.

FREDERICK .GARGIULO. EATON G. EDWARDS. CHARLES OPPE.

CERTWESATE GEE GORREGHQN.

Patent No. 1,664,812. Granted Aprii 3, 1928, to

FREDERECK GARE NEG ET AL.

It is hereby certified Kiwi @rrm appeays invtiae primed speciiieation of the above numbered panmt requiring correaztion fcaiimvs: Rage i, iine 74, claim 16, strike 01% $5.19 syiiabia "pre-" and imam film WMdS "pfevm'it tins", and lines 75 and 76, sirike (mt aha winds "Witi7 -tank"; that the Said Leiters Patent should be read. with these COTEQCUUHS ihemin ma: the same may cuniorm t0 the record of the case in the iatalt @iiiae.

Signed and seaiizii this 13% day (if May, D. 192%,

M. 5. Moore, (Seal) Acting Gmnmissinnar of Patents. 

